How Much Should I fee For My commercial Cleaning Services?

You've bought all your cleaning supplies and equipment, told everyone you know that you have started a cleaning firm and now you are ready to start bidding on jobs and getting down to work. So your next step is to meet with potential clients and put together a bid for their cleaning services. But how do you know what to payment for cleaning your potential client's building?

Start off by remembering that you are in firm to make a profit and earn a living. Sometimes the tendency is to price our services low in order to get our foot in the door. Pricing your services too low may mean you will end up working for very microscopic per hour. And more importantly, will have microscopic left over to reinvest in the growth of your company. There are cleaning clubs that payment more than others and have all the work they can handle and there are clubs that have lower fees yet are struggling to find work! Don't sell yourself short or you will not be able to earn a living off your cleaning business.

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The rates for market cleaning vary widely depending upon the area you live. Hourly rates are anywhere from to per hour depending on the type of services that you provide, whether or not you're doing the work yourself, and your company's overhead and expenses. Monthly quadrilateral footage rates could run anywhere from $.05 to $.20 per quadrilateral foot depending on the type of building you are cleaning and the frequency of cleaning. You'll be able to bid a higher quadrilateral footage price for curative facilities versus office buildings due to more specialized cleaning needs. You'll likely bid a lower quadrilateral footage price for large buildings versus small buildings. For example, you may bid $.08 per quadrilateral foot for a 50,000 quadrilateral foot building versus $.12 per quadrilateral foot for an 8,000 quadrilateral foot building.

You will most likely be charging your customers a monthly price and you will need to frame that price by estimating how long it will take to achieve the services that your client has requested. The more sufficient you or your employees are, the higher the hourly production rate. If you're able to clean 3,500 quadrilateral feet per hour, your profit will be higher than if you're only able to clean 2,500 quadrilateral feet per hour, so adjust your price accordingly.

It's also a good idea to find out what the "going rates" are in your area. A few phone calls to competitors may be considerable to get an idea of the basic charges in your area. Use a script when you call so you can assess apples to apples. So what do you say when you call? Try something like, "Hi, I have a small firm office that I would like cleaned once a week. It is 3000 quadrilateral feet and has two small restrooms. Can you give me a rough estimate of what you what you payment per month?" The someone may or may not give you an estimate. Most contractors will insist on walking through the building, but it is worth a few phone calls so you have a ballpark frame on what cleaning clubs in the area are charging.

To estimate what you should payment for cleaning a building, start by doing a walk-through with the building owner or manager. Keep track of the following:

* Frequency of cleaning (once a week, three times a week, five times a week). If frequency is one or two times per week, it's best to estimate your time and multiply by your hourly rate. If cleaning 3 or more times per week you can estimate your time by the quadrilateral foot.

* wide quadrilateral feet

* Types of floor surfaces and quadrilateral footage of each (carpet, vinyl flooring, ceramic tile)

* Types of rooms - general office, break room, restrooms. Also note the whole of toilets/stalls and fixtures in each restroom, as well as the types of restroom supplies used.

* Any special considerations - heavy traffic areas, elevators, unusual requests, etc.

* Make note of the specific services the client is seeking such as emptying trash, dusting, restroom cleaning, mopping and vacuuming.

The following services are specialized services and you should bid them separately, and list a per-service payment on your bid:

* Stripping and Waxing (.25¢ - .50¢ per quadrilateral foot)

* Buffing/Burnishing (.03¢ - .07¢ per quadrilateral foot)

* motor Cleaning of Ceramic Tile floors (.12¢ - .21¢ per quadrilateral foot)

* rug Cleaning (.12¢ - .25¢ per quadrilateral foot)

* rug Spotting ( - per hour)

* Cleaning appliances (microwave, refrigerator) - - per appliance

* Window Washing (.00 - .00 per pane)

Make sure you take sufficient notes so you can put together a realistic price that is fair to the client and one in which you will make a profit. After your first meeting with the client, go back to your office look through your notes and conclude what it will cost you to clean the building. You may have to consult a production cleaning rate chart to conclude how long it will take you and your staff to clean the building. Once you have an idea of how long it will take to clean the building you can put your cost estimate together:

* estimate the time it will take by using a production cleaning rate chart or calculator.

* conclude your labor cost for cleaning the building one time.

* conclude your monthly labor cost to clean the building.

* estimate a monthly cost for supplies. This will be a fairly low figure, maybe 1 or 2% of monthly sales.

* Be sure to add in a profit margin!

Add up the figures and you will come up with your monthly cost. If you have access to a bidding calculator you will be able to put in a series of numbers and come up with a price. A bidding calculator will also show what profit you can expect to make. It is also advisable to add a first time cleaning charge. This is regularly an hourly rate of maybe - an hour. The first time you go through a building it will take longer and you may find the previous cleaning assistance may have left dirt in cracks and crevices that you will have to clean the first time through.

Once you have your price established, put your bid packet together. Your bid packet should specify what you are responsible for and what the client is responsible for (buying their own trash can liners, restrooms supplies, etc.). It should also comprise the monthly payment for cleaning services, how long the trade is for, and the course to cancel the contract if whether party is unhappy.

It is prominent to learn how to price your cleaning services so your customers know you are providing a pro assistance at a realistic price and so that you make a profit. After all, if you do not make a profit you won't stay in firm very long!

Copyright (c) 2006 The Janitorial Store

How Much Should I fee For My commercial Cleaning Services?

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How to Smoke a Brisket

A brisket is known to be the toughest cut of meat from a cow, though when
prepared and cooked correctly it can be the best tasting and most tender meat you
will ever eat. In this section, I will teach you how to choose, prepare, and
barbeque a brisket, Texas style, to accomplish the best results possible. Please observation
the other smoker recipes located in the index on the right side of the page.

Choosing A Good Brisket To Smoke

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A brisket is composed of two parts, the flat and the point. The flat section ordinarily
has less fat on it while the point should have considerably more. The fat on top of
the brisket is called the "fat cap" and should be white in color. The thickness of fat
on top should be at least 1/4 of an inch thick, and thicker is ok. When purchasing a
brisket, make sure the meat is a deep red color, which will recite freshness, and
make sure it has plentifulness of fat incorporated throughout the meat, not just on top.
The aggregate of the deep red color and the white fat of a brisket is called
marbling, and it is the key to selecting a good brisket to bbq. Since the brisket is
such a thick cut of meat, the fat located throughout the meat will help to keep the
brisket moist while smoking.

Make sure the brisket has not been frozen. A frozen brisket will not display a deep
red color, the fat may be darker instead of white, and the brisket will not turn out as
tender and juicy as a fresh one after smoking it.

When I pick a brisket, I lift the brisket in the middle to see how limber it is. I have
seen briskets that are stiff as a board, and some that bend over each side of my
hand. The stiff ones more than likely have been frozen, and I have noticed that they
may not all the time be as tender as a brisket that is more limber. Some citizen disagree
with this test, but I am a firm believer because of the results I get.

The weight of the brisket should be in the middle of 8 and 11 pounds. A larger brisket
takes longer to cook, and the flat may become tougher or stringy because of the
longer cooking time.

Preparing The Brisket

After selecting the excellent brisket, I start my preparation process the night before I
want to smoke the brisket. First, make sure you have plentifulness of work space and a
clean area to put in order the brisket on. The brisket should have fat on it no more than
1/4 inch thick. Thicker fat will not allow the smoke to drill into the meat
located under the fat. If the fat is too thick, trim it down until you reach the 1/4-
inch thickness.

After trimming the brisket, I rub the brisket down with mustard. The mustard
creates a sticky substance on the meat for the rub to stick to, and it also adds a
great flavor when combined with the rub. Massage the mustard into every quantum of
the meat, together with the fat, so that it covers the brisket nicely. You do not want the
mustard layer to be too thick; it should be just sufficient to create a paste for the rub
to stick to.

I pick to use a rub on my briskets instead of a marinade because I have found
that marinades drill only about 1/2 inch deep into the meat. You should use
whichever formula you like best, but I am going to recite the rub method.
Marinade and rub recipes can be found by clicking on either of the links.

After fully exterior the brisket in mustard, apply the rub on the brisket. When done
correctly, the rub should form an evenly distributed layer of seasoning on the
brisket.

Wrap the ready brisket in Clingwrap, or a similar material to seal it, and then
refrigerate it overnight.

Barbeque Time

Take the brisket out of the refrigerator one hour before you want to put it on the
smoker. Place the brisket fat side up on the smoker. The fat will release oils into the
brisket to help keep it moist while cooking.

I use a wood smoker with a firebox to furnish indirect heat for outdoor cooking. I
have found this formula to be the best, but there are many more smokers available
to pick from such as water smokers, propane smokers, and charcoal smokers.

I use mesquite for smoking briskets because it provides a yummy smoke flavor,
burns hotter so less wood is used, and that is how we do it in Texas. Many citizen
do not use mesquite, which is fine, and I have included a section for wood choice
to furnish you with data about the different types of wood that are good to
use for smoking purposes.

To accomplish the best results, I cook the brisket at 225 degrees for about 1 hour and
15 minutes per pound. Many variables also affect cooking time and temperature
such as how many times the smoker is opened, how close the brisket is to the fire
box, etc, but sticking to 225 degrees/1 hr. 15 mn. Will work. Many citizen believe
that when the internal temperature of the brisket reaches 180 degrees, it is done.
This is both true and false. When the internal temperature of the brisket is colse to
180, the fat in the brisket literally begins to marbleize. The brisket will sound this
temperature for a while, and this adds to the tenderness of the brisket.

I all the time use a mop sauce to baste the brisket while it is smoking. This will keep the
outside of the brisket moist and tender. It is leading to keep the lid fulfilled, while
smoking the brisket to cut heat loss, so I baste the brisket with the mop sauce
about every 45 minutes to 1 hour.

A great way to keep briskets moist while smoking them is to use a mop consisting
of apple juice mixed with olive oil. It gives the brisket a great flavor, which is not
overpowering, while keeping the brisket moist from the oil. An easy way to apply
this mop is to put it in a spray bottle and plainly squirt it on the brisket.

After 7 hours a brisket ordinarily will not digest much more smoke. An choice for
finishing a brisket is to wrap it in aluminum foil, and place it in an oven at 225
degrees for the remaining cook time. I rarely use this formula because I enjoy
smoking the brisket for the full time, but I have used it, and it works.

Slicing The Brisket

Always slice the brisket against the grain. Doing this will make the cuts of meet
very tender. To do this, take off some fat from the top of the brisket to see the
direction of the grain in the meat, and slice against it.

I isolate the point from the flat before I slice the brisket because the grain
generally runs the same direction in the flat, and it is easier to see when it is
separated. The point is a small harder to correctly slice because the grain in it runs in
different directions. After some convention at carving the brisket, you will know which
direction the grain runs, and you will find it much easier.

Add your beloved barbeque sauce.

Perfect your smoking techniques, and you will win a barbeque competition in no
time!

Have A Great Barbeque!

How to Smoke a Brisket

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White Kitchen Cabinets and Kitchen compose

Today the most favorite type of home improvement homeowners are wanting and doing is kitchen remodeling. Kitchens are the main attraction and social center of your home for preparing meals for your house and for friends a comfortable place to socialize and gather. Kitchen make and planning is most leading step for you to achieve the personal look, practical use and customized to meet you and your family's lifestyle and needs. One of the most favorite colors kitchen designers pick is white. White kitchen cabinets can be used to make a subtle make statement or portray a very dramatic distinctive look. The color white speaks for itself and depending on the style of kitchen cabinetry and door style you can generate a look that fits your personality. White kitchen cabinets are used for many distinct decor such as contemporary, traditional, country, French country, English, shaker and many more. There are also many choices of material used for kitchen cabinets like; plastic laminate, white painted wood, high gloss lacquer, vinyl foil, white stain and white washed discontinue - all having their our make statement. Each of these styles has a distinctive look and can reflect your own personality.

White kitchen cabinets make color choices for accessories and countertops somewhat easier to pick an accent color theme throughout the kitchen and surrounding rooms. Using white color cabinetry in any of the styles mentioned can achieve a make which is classic and stay stylish for years to come. Contemporary style white gloss finishes give a very sleek Contemporary look, while white painted wood raised panel door styles can give a warm customary feeling in a kitchen. The flooring and countertop colors are the main accent areas and can drastically give distinct moods with distinct colors. A white customary style cabinet with wood flooring is very favorite and makes the kitchen feel very attractive and warm. Adding granite countertops to this combination again can totally convert the mood of the kitchen depending on the color and texture.

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The color choice for appliances is also very leading and contributes to the total make statement. I would propose if you are planning a customary style kitchen use matching white wood front decorator panels on the dishwasher and refrigerator fronts as they will blend in best with the total look and use your choice for ovens, cook tops and sinks as stainless steel or black. In a Contemporary style kitchen many designers pick to accent all appliances with contrasting colors to generate a more dramatic look. In the past many population felt that white kitchen cabinets were only for showrooms and belief white was too much work to maintain. With today's new wood finishes and artificial materials white kitchen cabinetry is as easy to utter as any other stained color. White kitchen cabinets have been in style for the past 20 years and show no signs of going out of the style trends to date. It is much easier to convert color themes from time to time by changing window treatments, place mats and countertop accessories with new accent colors if you choose.

White Kitchen Cabinets and Kitchen compose

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How To Make A Fruit Bouquet

Fruit Bouquets are quite intriguing to make, and look delicious. They can be made out of real fruit or fake fruit- in this report I am using real fruit. If you decree to use real fruit then be aware that the bouquet will have to be eaten in a few days... Otherwise the fruit will rot.

You can use all sorts of dissimilar fruits, from apples to apricots, to peaches. There are definite fruits that make it easier to learn how to make a fruit bouquet, and I will use them in this article. Once you know what you are doing, you might want to try dissimilar fruits.

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You will need:
7 Large Plums 11 Strawberries 15 Large Leaves 5 Small Rosebud Heads Cellophane 4 Feet of Ribbon Thick, semi-thick, and thin gauge wire Stem tape
Step 1- get ready the fruit.
Remove any stems or stickers from the fruit, and clean if needed.

Step 2- get ready the cellophane
Cut squares out of the cellophane to wrap the plums in. The squares don't have to be too big, just big adequate to encase the plum entirely. Twist the cellophane nearby the plum.

Step 3- Wire the plums
Wire the plums, using thick gauge wire.

Step 4- Tape the wire
Tape the wire. The plums should now look a limited like a toffee apple on a white stick.

Step 5- get ready the strawberries
Remove the leaves from the top of the strawberries, and then get ready them the same as the plums. Use the same size squares of cellophane as before.

Once the cellophane is twisted nearby the strawberries, cut the cellophane so only an inch or so is left.

Step 6- Wire the strawberries.
Wire the strawberries, using semi-thick gauge wire. The wire needs to be near the larger end of the strawberry, so the pointy end of the strawberry will be seen in the bouquet.

Make sure you are gentle with the strawberries, as they are quite squishy!

Step 7- get ready the leaves.
Wire and tape the leaves using thin gauge wire.

Step 8- Shape the fruit bouquet.
Assemble all things into a posy shape. Do this by...
Holding the plums in a bunch, using 2 hands. Fan all things out slightly. Insert leaves between the plums. Add the strawberries and the roses.

If you have any unfilled gaps, then fill them in then fill them in with two figure-of-eight bows. Cut off the excess ribbon, so that you only have loops.

That's it! A quick warning though... If you used real fruit, make sure you put the fruit bouquet in the fridge, otherwise it will start to go off (and smell a bit funny), in a few days.

How To Make A Fruit Bouquet

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development Spy Gear is Easy!

Nothing is more fun for kids than spying. Either its on their sisters, brothers, parents, friends or neighbors, spying on people is a kids right of passage. Millions of dollars are spent each year on spy gadgetry for children when most of the same items can be made at home by the kids themselves!

Kids will find it fun and entertaining learning how to make spy gear. And once theyre given a few ideas, more than likely, they will come up with some spy inventions of their own!

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For kids, how to make spy gear is just as prominent as having a private handshake, or a private club. Its their tree house with a No Parents Allowed! sign posted on the front.

Key Hole Spying:

When just looking straight through the keyhole isnt quite enough, now you can make your own tool to help. The items needed to make this include: scissors, one sheet of thick about 3 or 4 inches square, black paper, sticky tape and a clear glass marble, small is best.

Place the marble in the town of the black paper, then roll up the paper like a tube. Use the tape to keep the paper tube-like, then poke or blow the marble so it is nearly falling out of the tube (but make sure it doesn't).

Peering into the non-marble end, you will be able to see a fish eye view of any room straight through its keyhole. Be forewarned, because of the way the marble refracts light, you will get an upside down photo of the room, very spy like!

Invisible Lemon Juice Ink:

So you want to send private messages to your best friend. You wonder how to make spy gear that will be convenient for this. Lemon juice, something generally found in any refrigerator, is the exquisite solution.

First, its best not to use a piece of entertaining white copy paper. Because lemon juice has just a tiny bit of color to it, its best to use paper thats slightly off white as well, something like newspaper, or recycled paper. Squeeze the juice out of the lemon, then dip it with a crown pen or even the end of a feather, whatever that is pointed and can keep the lemon juice on it will do.

Second, write something else on your note first, in regular blue or black ink. Hi, how are you today, how was social studies, boring again? This is to divert attention from the real private note beneath.

Third, once the note is delivered, or beforehand, make sure to instruct your friend that to read the secret, he or she must hold it up above a candle or some heat source but make sure to tell them not to burn the paper by holding it too close! once the paper is heated, the lemon juice will turn brown and will be easy to read.

Fingerprint Powder:

How to make spy gear fingerprint powder is so easy you'll wonder why you never did it before. What youll need is starch powder, a candle, a knife and two dishes (porcelain, not plastic!). Drop some starch in one of the dishes then light the candle. Remember, its always prominent to get an adult to help you with all the tricky stuff, candles and flames can be perilous and burn! Hold the second dish up to the candle flame. The flame will leave soot on the dish as it burns it, scrape off the soot and mix it with the starch. Keep this process up until the number of soot matches the number of starch. Mix these two together.

Finally, your very own fingerprint powder. When you guess somethings amiss and want to fetch evidence, brush some of this powder (the combination of starch and soot) over the fingerprinted area. Cover this with a piece of clear tape than attach the tape to a clear card. You are now ready for some 007 action!

development Spy Gear is Easy!

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Haier Hsb03: improbable Value at a Low Cost

The Haier Hsb03 mini fridge with a capacity of 2.7 cubic foot is an ideal refrigerator for use in a small office or dorm room. It will also serve well as a back-up fridge while holidays, providing the extra space that will always be welcome. The mini fridge has a concentrate of full-width slide-out wire shelves, two shelves on the door over its width, provision for storing 2-liter bottle and a half-width freezer provided with a tray for manufacture ice cubes. The fridge comes with an adjustable thermostat to keep food fresh and beverages cold. A rotary dial helps the user set the desired temperature level. It is also equipped with a hand-operated defrost arrangement to help furnish savings on power costs to the user.

The mini refrigerator is very thoughtfully designed. The door deal with is provided in a recess. This makes the unit flat and helps save space in the front. The coil is provided at the back and it works as the condenser and releases the heat from inside the appliance. There is also a drip tray that can be cleaned very fast and with ease. There are two leveling legs at the front. These adjustable legs are useful if the unit has to be settled on a ground that is not even. Physically, the refrigerator measures 26.60 × 19.70 × 19.25 inches and weighs just 44 pounds. The appliance comes with a one-year parts-and-labor warranty, while the compressor carries a five-year warranty.

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The major advantages of the appliance can be summarized as follows:

• It is reasonably priced compared to other mid-sized compact refrigerators.
• There is provision for two-liter bottle warehouse in the door.
• Good for holding beverages cold.
• It has the capacity to hold all the basic significant items like soda, milk, snacks, etc.
• The mini fridge is ready in white as Haier Hsb03, in black as Haier Hsb03Bb and in black with a silver door as Haier Hsb03Bpg.
• The ice tray is specifically helpful for college students when they use it in dorm rooms. They can make ice cubes inside the mini fridge/freezer combo.
• As the fridge has adequate warehouse space on the door itself to keep soda bottles, cans and wine right in the door, a great deal of space is left on the inside to store food.

It is always good to have an comprehension of not only the pros but also the cons so that a someone can make an informed decision. Ultimately, the decision has to be made based on personal requirements, cost, space availability, etc. Reviews about Haier Hsb03 indicate that its freezer, though it works alright, execution is not exceptionally good. There are some complaints about the packaging of the product at the time of shipment. Some users find the hand-operated de-frosting a petite cumbersome. Some reviews also point out that the shelves of the mini fridge are not adjustable. All these are not very serious issues especially when considering the price that one pays for it. Overall, this engine provides much value the consumer, holding in mind the exact purpose that one buys it for.

Haier Hsb03: improbable Value at a Low Cost

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The exquisite French Door Refrigerator

If you're not sure which refrigerator is right for you then you may want to check out a French Door Refrigerator. If you don't know what a French door refrigerator is the best way to recap it is the top half looks like a side by side refrigerator (which is refrigerator is) and the bottom half is one to two freezer drawers (where all of the freezer is). A few of the reasons why these refrigerators are such a big trend are:

They allow full shelf space to place large trays or other items that would not typically fit in a side by side which is exquisite for entertaining. The majority of our everyday food will come from the fridge which is on the top half so you won't have to bend down to the bottom to find your fruits and vegetables. The doors are only half of the width of the refrigerator so they fit in any size kitchen without worrying if there is enough room to open the door. Many of the French door refrigerators on the shop have door space that can hold a gallon of milk nothing else but to allow for more storage.

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When finding for your refrigerator the first and probably most important place to start is what will fit in your kitchen and fulfill your needs. Then you'll need to figure out if you want/need a counter depth refrigerator. In case you're not sure what you need or even the difference, a quarterly refrigerator is 30-32 inches deep whereas a counter depth refrigerator tends to be 25 -27 inches deep, allowing it to flow along with the cabinets. Just be aware while it looks sleek and beautiful, it tends to have less storage space due to the decreased depth.

Before you start finding you'll also want to determine if you want to have a refrigerator with a color (e.g. Black, white, bisque) or if you want a stainless steel refrigerator. This may not seem like a hugely important thing right off the bat but you have to figure this out before getting started because you may find a fridge you love that doesn't come in the color you want. Also, you may want to weigh the good and bad on Stainless Steel refrigerators before getting started. In case you like the look and don't love the upkeep, many companies have a faux stainless steel look quite often called satina.

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How to Make Your Fridge More energy effective

Refrigerators, though one of the most important appliances in your home, often use up a lot of electricity - and thus raise your monthly utility bill considerably. Even those with power Star labels can still consume a lot of resources, largely due to improper usage and poor maintenance. So it's possible to lower your monthly power bill without buying a whole new fridge. All you have to do is keep your refrigerator in good shape and use its features in the most efficient way.

Often the features that come built into your fridge use up a lot of energy. For instance, built-in ice makers and water dispensers can increase your fridge's power consumption by up to 20%. If your fridge has a built-in water filtration system, this can use up even more electricity. And things like electronic temperature control, if used often enough, can add considerably to the cost of operating your fridge. In addition, the style of your fridge matters a lot when determining the cost of running it. Refrigerators with freezers on top control much more efficiently than those with freezers on the bottom and french door-style refrigerators with the freezer next to the fridge.

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Most fridges these days offer self-acting defrosting, but if yours doesn't, then defrosting regularly can not only lower the cost of energy, it can make your fridge run better and your food last longer. Also, minimizing the estimate of times you open and close the fridge doors, as well as the estimate of time the doors spend open, will also help reduce power consumption. To monitor how much electricity your fridge is using, you can use an electricity monitor that will display the wattage of your appliance, which you can then assess against the ideal estimate to form out how much more efficient your fridge should be.

Rising costs of electricity make it important to maximize the efficiency of all your appliances, together with refrigerators. Since fridges are so often major consumers of energy, performing uncomplicated maintenance like defrosting and coil cleaning, as well as naturally changing how you use your fridge, can both ensure that you don't spend more than you need to on keeping your kitchen running.

How to Make Your Fridge More energy effective

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maritime Refrigeration

How does nautical refrigeration work? The major parts of a Dc refrigeration law contain the refrigerant, a compressor, and a condenser, a cooling law for condenser, and a plate or plates inside the refrigeration box. 

The compressor is part of a accomplished loop pumping refrigerant straight through the law and straight through the evaporator plate in the ice box. The compressor has two sides the High side or discharge side. The discharge side pumps refrigerant under pressure to the condenser. The suction side or low side and sucks refrigerant after it passes thru the evaporator plate back to the compressor. The cold plates in the fridge space have either expansion valves or capillary tube that detach the low and high pressure sides of the refrigeration system.

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The refrigerant in the compressor starts as a gas. The compressor compresses the refrigerant gas, from low pressure to high pressure in the middle of 100-150 psi. When the pressure is increased like this its climatic characteristic is raised dramatically. This hot high pressure refrigerant is then fed to a condenser, where it is cooled and turned into a liquid. The condenser is cooled by either air or water. The refrigerant is now a cool high pressure liquid and is fed to an evaporator plate inside the boats refrigerator box.

The evaporator plate takes the refrigerant from the condenser and here it boils rapidly & evaporates back to a gas, at a very low temperature. This change of state absorbs vast amounts of sensible heat from the evaporator which in turn removes heat from the insulated refrigeration box, thereby lowering its temperature. The Btu is the measurement of heat removed. From the evaporator plate the refrigerant is returned to the low side of the compressor, to start the process again.

Evaporator or holding Plates

Marine refrigeration systems use either an evaporator plate or a holding plate in the boats refrigeration space or freezer space. Each type of plate works differently in drawing heat from the boats refrigerator and ice box space.

Marine Evaporator

Marine Evaporators are just like the ones found in household refrigerators. They can get quite cold (thermostat setting) and many evaporators have the capability to make ice next to the evaporator plate or inside the evaporator box. Evaporators come in any shapes and sizes; they can be horizontal plate's vertical plates and rolled plates. Evaporators are constant cycling, or short cycle. Most use a Danfoss nautical compressor with H134 refrigerant.

Thermostat controlled evaporator temperature. Turn to lower ice box temperature. Evaporator plates are less expensive, but need Constant power supply.

Marine holding plates

Marine Refrigerator holding Plates act like large blocks of ice and the cold climatic characteristic of the holding plate sucks heat out of the boats refrigeration box. holding plates can keep ice boxes cold for long periods.

The main advantage of a holding plate over an evaporator is that they only need to be recharged 1 or 2 times per day. This charging can coincide with attaching to shore power, running the machine and so the refrigerator does not rely on the battery bank. When incorporated into a properly designed system, holdover plates can significantly cut average energy consumption. Any way Dc holding plates are also possible.  The holding plate is filled with a solution that has a icy point below 23 degrees F.  As the compressor runs, the refrigerant passes straight through the holding Plates coil, icy the holding plate solution. The compressor turns of and as the holding plate thaws out, heat is removed from the box.

Powering the Compressor

The power provide to the compressor is one of the key elements of the boats refrigeration system. Refrigeration is one of the largest energy consumers onboard, so the power provide is an foremost element of the system. Power supplies to nautical refrigeration systems contain Ac, Dc, Shore Power, machine power, and hybrid systems. Hybrids are combinations of say 12 volt and machine drive, or machine and shore power. The whole point in seeing at power provide to your boats refrigerator is to consolidate it into onboard power requirements for all your boats nautical systems. If you run a generator much of the time then adding on an Ac refrigeration unit may make sense, but unless you do, you would be good at seeing at 12 V, machine or shore power.

Power can be decided on how you use your boat. Are you tied up at a dock for much of the time and take days trips. Or do you cruise and spend large amounts of time at anchor. Ultimately are you Powerboating or navigation will also sway power supply. navigation means no charging of batteries or power from the engine. Here a solar panel or wind or towed generator can help replenish batteries. If you spend time at the dock, a Dc law has fullness of time to recharge on shore power. If you spend time motoring and at the dock and machine drive with shore aid works well.

Ac 110 volt nautical refrigeration     

These drop in refrigerators are like the one in your home and are commonly seen on larges boats with an fullness of Ac power and space. The Ac powers the nautical compressor, and the condenser is typically air cooled. A dependable Ac provide is needed in the form of a generator.

Dc nautical refrigeration with Evaporator plate

 One of the cheapest nautical refrigeration law and easiest to install is the 12 v or Dc system. Air cooling is the simplest. The Dc law combined with an evaporator plate that is thermostatically controlled gives flexibility over cooling requirements. Many 12 volt systems use the Danfoss compressor. With the increased efficiency of the Danfoss compressor, Dc refrigeration onboard is getting more efficient, but is still power hungry.

For most boats with a small box, a singular 12V compressor, air cooled condenser, with evaporator type plate will be about the cheapest option. The Adler Barbour Cold machine has been around for around 25 years and provides great refrigeration for small to medium size ice boxes. 

Shore powered nautical refrigeration

Shore powered systems are made to speak the boat's ice box at set climatic characteristic when the boat is at the dock. They offer less power than direct from an machine drive but since you will be at the dock for a while that is not an issue.

If you use a holding plate and shore powered law you can keep the plate cool while away from the dock for 12 hours or so.

 Engine powered nautical refrigeration

The idea behind an machine driven compressor law is that the machine gets used anyway for at lest an hour or so. If you are Powerboating this makes sense, if you are navigation conjecture how much time you use the engine.

If this is the case an machine drive with a holding plate can draw down the ice box in a short duration and after that it can be left for 12 plus hours.

The compressor is run directly off the engine. Belt driven or direct compressor, There are two plates and you can add more, plus ad a detach freezer unit. This creates much power and fast cooling of the holding plate. More power than a 110 volt system. Larger systems and complicated plates are possible. machine driven systems cost more and also involve a labor higher cost    

Condenser Cooling

The nautical refrigeration systems condenser needs cooling. This is how the refrigerant gets cooled and turned into a liquid. There are 3 ways to cool the condenser;

Air Cooled

Air cooling simplifies installation plus it does not rely on water or adding thru hulls. It is therefore the cheapest installation. For smaller units air cooling is Ok, say 4 cu ft or under 6 cu ft you will get adequate performance. The air cooling unit needs a adequate provide of re-circulated air for it to work. Ducting and space around the unit will help this.

When you cool by air flow you take off heat from the condenser and ad it to the ambient temperature. The climatic characteristic inside of the cabin only has adequate capacity to disperse this heat.

Water cooled Condenser

Water cooled compressors will work good in higher ambient temperatures and are more effective and can be 30% more efficient. Water cooling may be best and is good for larger installs especially if freezer is concerned. Water cooling needs a thru hull and a pump to get the water to the condenser. The most effective way to cool the condenser

Keel cooler Condenser

The keel cooler or keel condenser requires no thru hull fitting and will not be field to clogging. The keel cooler is a 3" x 7" bronze plate that mounts on the outside of the hull and it is the condenser heat exchanger. The bronze plates are associated direct to the compressor which is the only enthralling part in the system. The Keel Cooler is for a box up to a 15 cu ft refrigerator or 5 cu ft freezer. Since all the heat is passed into the water outside the boat it will does not heat up the interior. Since it works without a water pump there is never a pump or strainer to speak and best of all it is nearly silent in operation.

Refrigeration Compressor & plate Combination

Before we pick a size of nautical refrigerator we need to understand what factors are involved in holding the refrigeration box cool. They are generally box size, insulation and cooling water temperature, number of population aboard and the climatic characteristic you are setting the plates for.

Refrigerator Box Volume

This is obvious, the larger the box the more heat discharge is necessary. A larger box will need more Btus of heat removal. After this basic size issue we have things like, Front opening or top opening. Front opening lets cold air out speedily but does allow you to get to the bottom of the box. Drains, if you had a drain for you ice box plug it. You will not need to drain water out of the ice box and this will only let cold air out and heat in. Gaskets, these are a must and must be properly sealed. A trick to identify if there are gaps in the gasket is to put a piece of paper in in the middle of the lid or door and the cabinet and close it. Pull on the paper and you should feel some drag if the gaskets are sealing properly. It comes out undoubtedly there is a gap. Get new or good gasket material.

Insulation  

Typical insulation to a fridge or freezer is foam insulation like Dow Blue board. The recommendation is for 3-4 inches for refrigeration and 4-6 inches for freezer for medium sized boxes. Foam has an R value of 5 per inch thickness, R being a thermal unit. This means in terms of thermal units 3-4 inches represents 15-20R value for the refrigeration unit, and 20-30 for the freezer.

There are manufacturers of vacuum panel thermal insulation. The Glacier bay barrier Ultra-R super-insulation at R-50 per inch provides lots of insulation without taking up principal volume. These panels are vacuum panels and are sealed to work. It is very foremost that you do not drill straight through or puncture these panels. These panels are practice made, so you would need to provide the manufacturer, exact sizes with locations for copper plate tubes to enter the box. These are built into the panels.

Water temperature

In the tropics water climatic characteristic is a lot warmer then northern climates. For every degree water climatic characteristic increases a corresponding 2 % growth in required Btu. If you are in the Atlantic portions of the east coast Us, you have some cool sea water temps, but of you then cruise down to the Caribbean you may strain your refrigeration system.

Plate Thermostat

The evaporator plate climatic characteristic is set by the thermostat. Dial the box climatic characteristic down and the law will have to work harder.

Number of population aboard

More population means the box gets opened more and the heat build up from more population adds to the ambient temperature.

How big a Refrigeration law is required?

To conjecture how big a refrigeration or nautical icy unit required, you will need to start with an estimate of the Btu requirements of the box. A easy rule of thumb for estimating the Btus is based on the box volume.

These Btu estimations are based on these assumptions;

- Insulation has an R value of 30 no leaks.
- Water temperatures are tropical in the mid 80s F.
- 2 population aboard, for each extra someone add an additional 1,000 daily Btu
- Top opening box, for a front opening door add 15 Btu/inch of door

Btu estimate on refrigeration volume;

Refrigerator daily heat load; 600 Btu per cu. Ft.

Freezer daily heat load; 1200 Btu per cu. Ft

Lets look at how this works for the 4 cu ft refrigeration system, using the above formula

4 cu. Ft. Times 600  =   2,400 Btu.

Two additional population on board =   2,000 Btu.

Total required per day   = 4,400 Btu

Choosing 12 volt unit with Evaporator

Match this number to the compressor capabilities, and then conjecture amps needed to power the system, and then work on the battery bank capability. Start by using the 4,400 Btu form the above example. The Adler Barbour Cold machine uses the Danfoss Bd50 Compressor is rated at 650Btu / hr based on 25F evaporator temp.

This is well above the 4,400/day we need for the 4 cu ft fridge, using only about 1/3 of the power. We could undoubtedly go down the Danfoss Db35.

Amps

To conjecture how many amps the law will draw we start by converting Btus to amps with this formula, using an assumption of 5 Btus per watt hr of energy used. Btu/5/volts. So say we have 4400 Btus and 12 volts, 4,400/5/12=74 amp hours/day.

Battery Bank

The Amps needed to power the compressor should be 1/4 of the capacity of the house bank. So for the above 74 amp hours needed multiply by 4 to get recommended house battery capacity = 296 amp hrs

Conclusion

These days being on the water means holding food and drinks cold. 12 volt refrigeration units are becoming more favorite with technological advances. Greater compressor efficiency and evaporator technology brings 12 volt cooling to the smallest of boats.

maritime Refrigeration

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3 Tips For choosing French Door Refrigerators

French door refrigerators are a cross between a freezer-on-bottom model and side-by-side model. They have a pull-out drawer freezer on the bottom, with side-by-side doors on the refrigerator compartment above.

They have been getting more and more popular in the last few years, partly because a lot of home & organery Tv shows are using them. This all the time gets people interested.

3 Inch French Door Refrigerator

If you're one of those people reasoning about buying a French door refrigerator, there are 3 things you need to consider:

1. Size

There are two sizes that you'll need to look at. The first is the corporeal space you have ready for your refrigerator. If you're replacing an older model, you'll be miniature by the space you've got available. If you're renovating your kitchen completely, of procedure you have more free time to produce nearby the size of your fridge.

The other size is the internal capacity of the refrigerator, measured in cubic feet (cu. Ft.) This will vary from model to model, depending on the size of the refrigerator.

2. Brand & Model

While there are more and more French door models being made by the major refrigerator manufacturers, there still aren't nearly as many choices as you have with the more traditional styles.

You'll need to select the best rated brand and model agreeing to your single needs, but doing some research on the internet and in places like consumer Reports magazine will help you decree which ones are the most reliable.

3. Price

The price of French door refrigerators has typically been over 00, but some brands have started introducing less expensive models.

The Amana Afd2535Dew, for example, is currently selling for roughly 00.

Choosing the cheapest model isn't all the time the best decision, but if you want the style and efficiency of a French door refrigerator, it can be found for not much more than many traditional styles.

No matter what type of refrigerator you're considering, make sure you do your research first to find out what is best excellent for your needs, as well as a reliable brand.

3 Tips For choosing French Door Refrigerators

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How to Pick Out the Best Refrigerator For Your Needs

Although one of the most overlooked appliances, refrigerators are very requisite equipment. If you don't get what I mean - try going for days without one, or with one that is not running as it should. Either you are a parent cooking everyday meals for your family, or a college trainee parched for a refreshing soda after a draining class, refrigerators perform the prominent function of storing our food items and cooling our drinks.

Shallow depth refrigerators are those units about 23 to 27 inches deep. Most homeowners opt for these units as they blend into the kitchen fabricate authentically without having the need for a complicated facility process. Most shallow depth units come as French door refrigerators - which are basically combinations of the bottom freezer fabricate and the side by side door style. French door models are known for their built-in ice/water dispensers, which can be found in a unit's interior or built through its door. Both types of dispensers are available in KitchenAid French door refrigerators, with other great features such as the SatinGlide ideas and the Dual Magna Seal.

3 Inch French Door Refrigerator

Shallow depth refrigerators are authentically often confused with built-in ones as both boast of greater widths and heights at lesser depths. The contrast in general lies in the fact that shallow depth refrigerators are freestanding while built-in ones are designed to be installed into existing kitchen cabinetry. A good choice of built-in facility types can be found through Jenn Air refrigerators - a brand reputable for unique and highly useful features housed in units of superb stylishness.

Some product lines of Jenn Air even carry vigor Star ratings as proofs of their little power consumption.

Speaking of vigor Star ratings, a real champion when it comes to vigor efficiency are Sun Frost refrigerators. Although quite pricier than similar products, the vigor savings plus the vigor rebates can make up, or even more than make up for the extra money you shelled out. Moreover, mother Earth will authentically love you for purchasing their environmental cordial products. Unlike freestanding shallow depth refrigerators however, most of these units are designed to be mounted on cabinets.If space is an issue for you, refrigerators also come in ageement sizes - fluctuating from dorm sized refrigerators to apartment sized ones. Such products are recommended for boarding rooms, offices, and game rooms wherein only a few basic items are needed to be stored.

Avanti ageement refrigerators and Magic Chef refrigerators are some of the suggested brands which specialize in manufacturing these small-sized units. Some of the units are freestanding shallow depth refrigerators, while some can be built-in.Now, no matter what type of refrigerator you use - be it a built-in, dorm sized, or shallow depth refrigerator - there all the time comes a point when you encounter problems in its operation. It is thus useful for one to know some basic troubleshooting techniques instead of going immediately to repair technicians to diagnose the problem.

Although repair methods may somehow vary from one brand to someone else (say, Maytag refrigerator repair is unique from Amana refrigerator repair), general concepts in refrigerator performance hold true for all models. It is also helpful for one to know good dealers of refrigerator parts, as well as clothes dryer parts (as most refrigerator manufacturers also originate dryers) for you to buy replacements if necessary.

Choosing the right refrigerator agreeing to your needs can authentically be quite difficult with the entire plethora of choices available today. To spend wisely, one can choose to stick to trusted brands depending on one's allocation and storage requirements. You may ask - But which brands are reputable? And of which of their products are good?. Predetermine your preferences, and then let the suggestions in the article help you pick out the best product match.

How to Pick Out the Best Refrigerator For Your Needs

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Maintaining Your Refrigerator

Selecting the right refrigerator is very crucial. But more foremost is to contend it. Without permissible maintenance and care, your fridge may not work properly. It is very valuable to keep the fridge clean. Weekly cleaning of the best refrigerators is recommended. You may suffer from severe problems, if you pay no heed to this issue. So, it is best to look at this matter seriously. You need to succeed some tips to contend your fridge. These strategies can categorically prove to be useful for you.

1. You need to wipe the surface of the refrigerator by using a kitchen cleaner, soap and water, soft scrubbing pad or a sponge. You can categorically take off the stains on the surface areas of the fridge by wiping down with these things. It is best to wipe regularly. You can also wipe it once in a week. First, take out the magnets and papers that are piled on the fridge. You can take off fingerprints, all sticky marks from the fridge exterior.

3 Inch French Door Refrigerator

2. take off the food products that you will not eat again. Keep the products in a garbage bag. Then, you need to look at the dates of expiry written on the food packets. Throw away the items which have crossed the expiry dates. You need to take off all the food items in one place. Then just pour the products which you will not eat into the garbage bag.

3. After completing this task, you need to clean interior measure of the fridge. This is in fact one of the most foremost tasks that you need to do to contend your fridge. Take out each glass shelves from the fridge and clean them with care. You can use soap or spray and water to wipe away the stains and marks from the shelves. Make sure walls and the inside corners of the refrigerator are also wiped down. You also need to clean each storage compartment of the fridge. Then, wipe down the packaging and bottles with soapy water. Keep these items in the fridge after they are dried.

4. Due to some food substances, bad odor can come out from your fridge. You need to check it out. To avoid such a situation, you need to use baking soda. Use it at the back of the top shelf. It will forestall bad odors. Apart from that, you also need to do some other tasks to contend your refrigerator. Place the food items in the refrigerator in either sealed bag, a plastic or plastic container.

5. You need to clear the leftovers and unused items. Throw them in the garbage bag. Remember to clean the areas properly. You can keep them in one side and then pour them in a garbage packet. It will be easy for you to throw them away.

6. After completing the cleaning project, you need to keep the items in permissible place. Set up the shelves in permissible place so that you can keep the products comfortably. It is best to keep the vegetables in one shelf and the fruits in another. You can find the items easily, if you produce them properly.

Maintaining Your Refrigerator

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